Constitution of India

### Demystifying Criminal Case Classifications: Summon, Warrant, and Sessions Cases

In the framework of criminal procedure, offences are classified into summon, warrant, and sessions cases based on their severity, prescribed punishments, and procedural requirements, ensuring efficient administration of justice.

- **Summon Case**: Applicable to less serious offences, typically punishable with imprisonment not exceeding two years. This entails a simplified and expedited process without formal charge framing, where the trial initiates upon the accused's appearance, followed by evidence recording.

- **Warrant Case**: Pertains to more serious offences punishable with imprisonment exceeding two years. It involves formal charge framing by the Magistrate, mandatory pre-trial steps, charge sheet cognizance, and hearings.

- **Sessions Case**: Reserved for the most heinous crimes, carrying punishments of death, life imprisonment, or terms exceeding ten years. Such cases are committed by the Magistrate to the Sessions Court for trial, encompassing extensive examination, arguments, and judgment.

A clear comprehension of these distinctions is essential for navigating the criminal justice system effectively.